Strand 8.1: MATTER AND ENERGY INTERACT IN THE PHYSICAL WORLD
The physical world is made of atoms and molecules. Even large objects can be viewed as a combination of small particles. Energy causes particles to move and interact physically or chemically. Those interactions create a variety of substances. As molecules undergo a chemical or physical change, the number of atoms in that system remains constant. Humans use energy to refine natural resources into synthetic materials.
Standard 8.1.1: Atoms & Molecules - Model, Scale and Proportion
PS1.A Standard 8.1.2: Properties Determine Functions PS1.A Standard 8.1.3: Chemical Reactions (based on a change of properties) PS1.A, PS1.B Standard 8.1.4: Synthetic Materials PS1.A, PS1.B, ESS3.A Standard 8.1.5: Molecular Models & Heat Energy PS3.A Standard 8.1.6: Conservation of Matter PS1.B Standard 8.1.7: Phase Change PS1.B, PS3.B, ETS1.A, ETS1.B, ETS1.C |
Physical Science (PS)
PS1: Matter and Its Interactions PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter
Keywords: Atoms, Molecules, Physical & Chemical Properties, Phases of Matter, Solid, Liquid, Gas, Spacing, Temperature & Pressure. PS1.B: Chemical Reactions
Keywords: Chemical Reactions, old & new substances, molecular re-arrangement, different properties, conservation of mass & matter, endo & exo-thermic, chemical energy conversion to other forms of energy. PS3: Energy PS3.A: Definitions of Energy
Keywords: Kinetic Energy, Stored (Potential) Energy, Temperature = [(avg. internal KE + PE) / molecule], Temperature does not equal thermal energy, Thermal Energy = Temperature & No. of Atoms & State), Heat = Transfer of thermal energy from one object to another, Heat Transfer. PS3.B: Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer
Key Words & Concepts: PE --> KE, KE --> PE, Specific Heat, Heat Transfer = Hot to Cold, Earth and Space Science (ESS) ESS3: Earth and Human Activity ESS3.A: Natural Resources
Key Words & Concepts: Water Cycle, Plate Tectonics, Minerals, Ground Water, Biosphere, Renewable v. Non-renewable resources, Engineering, Technology and the Application of Science (ETS) ETS1: Engineering Design ETS1.A: Defining and Delimiting Engineering Problems
ETS1.B: Developing Possible Solutions
ETS1.C: Optimizing the Design Solution
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Strand 8.2: ENERGY IS STORED AND TRANSFERRED IN PHYSICAL SYSTEMS
Objects can store and transfer energy within systems. Energy can be transferred between objects, which involves changes in the object’s energy. There is a direct relationship between an object’s energy, mass, and velocity. Energy can travel in waves and may be harnessed to transmit information.
Standard 8.2.1: Kinetic Energy Based on Mass & Speed
PS3.A Standard 8.2.2: Variability of Potential Energy Based on Mass & Height PS3.A, PS3.C Standard 8.2.3: Potential to Kinetic Energy Transference PS3.A, PS3.B Standard 8.2.4: Wave Energy & Amplitude PS4.A Standard 8.2.5: Wave Structure & Properties PS4.A, PS4.B Standard 8.2.6: Digital v. Analog Signals PS4.C |
Physical Science (PS)
PS3: Energy PS3.A: Definitions of Energy
PS3.B: Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer
PS3.C: Relationship Between Energy and Forces
Key Words & Concepts: Energy Transfer, Forces & Motion PS4: Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer PS4.A: Wave Properties
Key Words & Concepts: wavelength, frequency, amplitude, patterns, medium, transmitted, emitted PS4.B: Electromagnetic Radiation
Keywords & Concepts: Reflection, refraction, absorption, transmission, dispersion, frequency, amplitude, ray, transparent, translucent, opaque, brightness, color, frequency-dependent refraction, prism, rainbow, white light, electro-magnetic wave, matter wave, PS4.C: Information Technologies and Instrumentation
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Strand 8.3: LIFE SYSTEMS STORE AND TRANSFER MATTER AND ENERGY
Living things use energy from their environment to rearrange matter to sustain life. Photosynthetic organisms are able to transfer light energy to chemical energy. Consumers can break down complex food molecules to utilize the stored energy and use the particles to form new, life-sustaining molecules. Ecosystems are examples of how energy can flow while matter cycles through the living and nonliving components of systems.
Physical Science (PS)
PS3: Energy PS3.D: Energy in Chemical Processes and Everyday Life
Life Science (LS) LS1: From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes LS1.C: Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms
LS2: Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics LS2.B: Cycles of Matter and Energy Transfer in Ecosystems
LS2: Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics LS2.C: Ecosystem Dynamics, Functioning, and Resilience
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Strand 8.4: INTERACTIONS WITH NATURAL SYSTEMS AND RESOURCES
Interactions of matter and energy through geologic processes have led to the uneven distribution of natural resources. Many of these resources are nonrenewable, and per-capita use can cause positive or negative consequences. Global temperatures change due to various factors, and can cause a change in regional climates. As energy flows through the physical world, natural disasters can occur that affect human life. Humans can study patterns in natural systems to anticipate and forecast some future disasters and work to mitigate the outcomes.
Standard 8.4.1: Natural Resources & Geological Processes
ESS3.A Standard 8.4.2: Consumption Per-Capita ESS3.A, ESS3.C Standard 8.4.3: Monitoring or Mitigation due to Natural Resource usage ESS3.A, ESS3.C, ETS1.A, ETS1.B, ETS1.C Standard 8.4.4: Factors of Global Climate Change ESS3.D Standard 8.4.5: Forecasting Natural Hazards ESS3.B |
Earth and Space Science (ESS)
ESS3: Earth and Human Activity ESS3.A: Natural Resources
ESS3.B: Natural Hazards
ESS3.C: Human Impacts on Earth Systems
ESS3.D: Global Climate Change
Engineering, Technology and the Application of Science (ETS)ETS1: Engineering Design ETS1.A: Defining and Delimiting Engineering Problems
ETS1.B: Developing Possible Solutions
ETS1.C: Optimizing the Design Solution
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